Asimov's 'Author's Note' in Prelude to Foundation Commentators noted that Nemesis contains barely disguised references to the Spacers and their calendar system, the Galactic Empire, and even to Hari Seldon which seem to have been deliberately placed for the purpose of later integration into the Foundation universe. The stand-alone novel Nemesis is also in the same continuity being referenced in Forward the Foundation, where Hari Seldon refers to a twenty-thousand-year-old story of 'a young woman that could communicate with an entire planet that circled a sun named Nemesis'. Daneel Olivaw appear again twenty thousand years later in the age of the Galactic Empire, in sequels and prequels to the original Foundation trilogy and in the final book of the Robots series, Robots and Empire, Asimov describes how the worlds that later formed the Empire were settled, and how Earth became radioactive (which was first mentioned in Pebble in the Sky). One character is said to have a visi-sonor, the same musical instrument that is played by the clown Magnifico in Foundation and Empire.Īsimov integrated the Robot series into his all-encompassing Foundation series, making R. This work is generally regarded as part of the Empire series, but does not directly mention either Trantor or the Spacer worlds.

Asimov later explained that the in-universe reason for this perception was that it was formulated by Earthmen many centuries after the event, and which had become distorted, due to the loss of much of their planetary history. The Stars, Like Dust states explicitly that the Earth is radioactive because of a nuclear war. The merge also created a time-span of the series of around 20,000 years. Thus, all three series are set in the same universe, giving them a combined length of 18 novels, and a total of about 1,500,000 words. Then, at some unknown date (prior to writing Foundation's Edge) Asimov decided to merge the Foundation/ Galactic Empire series with his Robot series. Pebble in the Sky became the basis for the Galactic Empire series. The Foundation series is set in the same universe as Asimov's first published novel, Pebble in the Sky, although Foundation takes place about 10,000 years later. Works set in the universe Asimov's Greater Foundation series Merging the Robot, the Empire and the Foundation series The Foundation universe is the future history of humanity's colonisation of the galaxy, spanning nearly 25,000 years, created through the gradual fusion of the Robot, Galactic Empire, and Foundation book series written by American author Isaac Asimov.

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